Application of naringenin in antioxidant and antitumor
February 10, 2023
What is naringenin？
Naringenin is a natural organic compound with the molecular formula C15H12O5. It is a yellow powder, soluble in ethanol, ether and benzene. It is mainly derived from the seed bark of cashew nuts of the lacquer family, etc. It is used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of herbal medicines containing naringenin. It forms a glycoside with new hesperidin at the 7-carbon position, called naringin, which is extremely bitter in taste. When it opens the ring and hydrogenates under alkaline conditions to form dihydrochalcone analogues, it is a sweetener and can be up to 2000 times sweeter than sucrose. Hesperidin is abundant in citrus peel, and it is called hesperidin when it forms a glycoside with brassinose at the 7-carbon position, and neohesperidin when it forms a glycoside with β-neohesperulose at the 7-carbon position.
How naringenin is an antioxidant？
Naringenin is a natural flavonoid with various pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-tumor.
Naringenin has good corrosion inhibiting properties, is a scavenger of chemical groups and superoxide dismutase, and has the ability to scavenge free radicals and inhibit the activity of pro-oxidant enzymes such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, xanthine oxidase and metal ion chelation. The antioxidant activity of naringenin is attributed to the hydroxyl groups in its structure, which are highly reactive to hydroxyl reactive oxygen species. When the cellular dynamic balance between pro-oxidant activity and antioxidant defense is disrupted, the production of reactive oxygen species increases and the high amount of reactive oxygen species generated by free radical accumulation causes oxidative stress, which is involved in the development of inflammatory processes leading to many degenerative diseases and cancers. In addition to this, naringenin increases the levels of several antioxidant enzymes. Interleukins and inflammatory mediators are produced during the imbalance of redox reactions.
How naringenin fights tumors？
Naringenin is a potent, safe, well-tolerated and orally available bioflavonoid with multifaceted antioxidant, antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects. Naringenin has anti-proliferative and anti-migration abilities against breast cancer, human nephroblastoma, lung cancer, human colorectal cancer, human glioma and human placental choriocarcinoma. Its Caspase family, Bak, Bax and MAPK pathways and other mechanisms were induced by naringenin, and growth apoptosis regulation-related expression was enhanced in cancer cells with enhanced activity, promoting apoptosis. In addition, studies have shown that naringenin nanoformulations are safe for human normal cells, but fewer studies have been conducted on aspects such as inhibition of tumor malignant phenotype, thus having important clinical implications for disease prevention and tumor-targeted therapy. Many studies are still in progress, and clinical trials should be directed to either naringin prodrugs or nanoformulations to clarify the dose and efficacy of human administration. In conclusion, naringenin alone or in combination with other drugs can alleviate the toxic side effects of previous drugs, and its multi-targeted antitumor clinical efficacy deserves further study to make it beneficial for human tumor prevention and treatment and provide ideas for the development and application of human antitumor drugs.
Shaanxi Huike Botanical Development Co., Ltd. a integrated enterprise which is focus on natural products, plant extract related products and services.We mainly focus on pharmaceutical, functional food, Freeze-dried powder,Natural Pigment,beverages and other business services.
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Email：mila@huikes.com
2023-2-9
Shaanxi Huike Botanical Development Co., Ltd.
Shaanxi Huike Botanical Development Co., Ltd. a integrated enterprise which is focus on natural products, plant extract related products and services.We mainly focus on pharmaceutical, functional food, Freeze-dried powder,Natural Pigment,Homology of medicine and food,beverages and other business services.
